Indiana State University GPA, SAT Scores ACT Scores

Looks, Beauty, Appearance Discrimination in Employment...

Looks, Beauty, Appearance Discrimination in Employment Employment discrimination legislation has evolved to include race, disabilities, sexual harassment of either gender, and age. In lieu of this evolution and an increasing trend toward equality for all individuals in the workplace, the time has come for the protective reach of employment discrimination law to cover ugliness. While the proposal may cause titters at first, evidence exists that discrimination based on looks (or physical appearance) occurs in the workplace. An investigation was conducted by ABC’s 20/20 news program in 1994 that sent two men and two women into the workplace to secure the same jobs (Sessions 1). The individuals were coached to act in a similar†¦show more content†¦It protects the employee from unfair bias and it protects the employer by diminishing the risk of lawsuit based on discrimination. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) has been instrumental in the development of employment discrimination law. According to the EEO C guidelines, employment discrimination law should be designed to achieve the following goals in descending order of importance:  · Eliminating employment bias and arbitrariness from the workplace.  · Limiting employment decisions to unaccommodable criteria that are essential to job qualification.  · Facilitating occupational goal attainment.  · Enhancing employment decision-making.  · Designing ergonomically and psychosocially optimal work environments.  · Enhancing occupational mobility.  · Minimizing social costs of litigation.  · Facilitating resolution of employment-related disputes.  · Eliminating employee retaliation. (Amack 1) There is a fine line on employment discrimination law when it comes to appearance. Typically, appearance discrimination lawsuits have been decided in favor of employers as long as the criteria for appearance is applied equally to males and females. For example, models cannot sue a potential employer for not hiring them because they were considered less attractive than another model because the same criteria is applied to male models. Age discrimination has recently come under the protective reach of employmentShow MoreRelatedBeauty Is In The Eyes Of The Beholder: The Fight Against Appearance Based Workplace Discrimination1701 Words   |  7 Pages Discrimination happens all around us, and in many different forms. When it comes to being employed, there are laws in place to protect us against certain methods of discrimination. According to a website used by many lawyers, businesses, and individuals, discrimination is â€Å"Unfair treatment or denial of normal privileges to persons because of their race, age, sex, nationality or religion† (â€Å"Discrimination†). However, there is nothing specifically to protect us when it comes to our appearance. AsRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On The Workplace Environments Of Different Cultures Essay1710 Words   |  7 Pagesabusive† (Green 658). Thus, judgements based on looks are completely tolerated, as aesthetic discrimination is arguably not abusive. Iranian scholar Zahra Ghordati notes in her recent publication, â€Å"The Influence of Globalization on ‘Lookism’ in Workplace Environments of Different Cultures†, that â€Å"individuals should be free to discriminate on the basis of their own values. This means that institutions are free to enact policies that prohibit discrimination against or benefit in some way those who areRead MoreEssay on Beauty and the Labor Market1523 Words   |  7 PagesSummary: The article â€Å"Beauty and the Labor Market† by Daniel S. Hamermesh and Jeff E. Biddle examines the economics of discrimination in the labour market based on looks and the relationship that exists between beauty and labour market earnings. Analyzing, results from several studies, data from various empirical research and surveys; the article identifies the source of earnings differentials related to looks in six distinct and detailed sections. The first section addresses the question ofRead MoreWhy Looks Are the Last Bastion of Discrimination1735 Words   |  7 PagesWhy looks are the last bastion of discrimination In the 19th century, many American cities banned public appearances by unsightly individuals. A Chicago ordinance was typical: Any person who is diseased, maimed, mutilated, or in any way deformed, so as to be an unsightly or disgusting subject . . . shall not . . . expose himself to public view, under the penalty of a fine of $1 for each offense. Although the government is no longer in the business of enforcing such discrimination, it still allowsRead MoreBeautyism and HRM Practices1416 Words   |  6 Pagesas the existence of humanity itself. There are numerous examples scattered on the path of history related to bias shown only on the base of one trait: beauty. However, in todays world of advanced civilizations, where organizations have evolved greatly, this phenomenon of beautyism is gaining more strength every day. Attractive physical appearance is being perceived the key to happiness. And, this psychological weakness of many is being exploited not only by the commercial entiti es but also by simpleRead MoreAppearance Discrimination in Employment22039 Words   |  89 PagesAppearance discrimination in employment: Legal and ethical implications of â€Å"lookism† and â€Å"lookphobia† [pic] http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?issn=2040-7149volume=32issue=1articleid=17077304show=html Downloads: The fulltext of this document has been downloaded 1519 times since 2013 DOI (Permanent URL):  10.1108/02610151311305632 [pic]  Abstract [pic]  View PDF  (200kb) [pic]  Print View References †¢ References (67) Citations †¢ CrossRef (1) Further reading Read MoreDoes Attractivness Influence Being Hired for a Teaching Job?1559 Words   |  6 Pagesattractiveness bias beneficial or detrimental when hiring new employees in the teaching profession? Physical attractiveness as defined on Wikipedia, is the degree to which a person’s physical traits are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful. Since beauty is a subjective term, I have decided to used the term physical attractiveness instead, as it is a more definite term. During my research, I consistently stumble upon the term â€Å"physical attractiveness stereotype†. In psychology, physical attractivenessRead MoreThe Halo Effect On Job Prospects1462 Words   |  6 PagesBeautiful people use their looks to gain better job prospects however the argument is, is it really on their attractiveness, weather it being their looks or how they come across. There is an old saying that no matter what people look like its how a person presents them self’s, this however shows how peoples perception is caused by the Halo effect, this is a cognitive bias of ones impression on that person. This bias can influences the individual’s behaviour and cause judgments taken apron that personRead MoreDiscrimination in the Workplace2033 Words   |  8 Pages Despite popular belief, discrimination occurs every day worldwide. It occurs for different reasons, but is detrimental to any company or individual. The judgments that occur based on physical appearance, height, weight, gender, and race are affecting the potential professional careers of many. Many companies are limiting their full potential due to the fact that they are discriminating interviewees and employees based upon physical traits. It lessens the chances of developing a strong staffRead More Ann Hopkins Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesWaterhouse with sex discrimination†. She had been a valuable and productive member of the organization and it appears that she was denied admission as a partner since she did not fit the feminine stereotype. Critical issues – Legal There is evidence of Intentional Discrimination by Price Waterhouse and its employees based on sexual stereotype. Appropriate legal rules According to Corley, Reed, Shedd, and Morehead, (2001) â€Å"the most important statue eliminating discriminatory employment practices, however

Pramanik Containers And The Bottleneck Free Essays

Printing plates were hard to locate when required for repeat orders which lead to constant delay in start of work. Shank and his crew often had to work overtime to complete the orders due to mismanagement of plates. Biennials is not ready to spend any money to upgrade the system but puppyish wants to improve the storage of plates. We will write a custom essay sample on Pramanik Containers And The Bottleneck or any similar topic only for you Order Now He should look to outsource storage and delivery of plates to external firm and introduce ERP technology for the same. WORD COUNT: 120 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS Paranoia containers Pat Ltd, established in 1977 was a family based business owned by Biennials Meta in Iambi. They used to manufacture customized aerosol containers and was the sole supplier of cans to BBC Pharmacy, a large NC since 1977. An informal meeting between Biennials Meta and Moan Sings, purchasing director of BBC Company had initiated the business partnership and within a year’s time Paranoia supplied aerosol cans to BBC Pharmacy. Paranoia had created a value on its own through product quality and fast service. Many new customers tied up with Paranoia because of its ever spreading capability and quality service (for which they were known) which resulted into an annual sales of about RSI 315 million by 009. Biennials was also interested in bidding for new business and supply aerosol cans to Radiant healthcare who were entering Indian market to sell deodorants. Paranoia used to manufacture aerosol cans according to specific customer requirements biz. Size, shape, diameter of cans. These requirements were met by installation of 4 high speed automatic fabrication machines which operated at a rate of 25 cans per minute. The printing department had to decorate cans according to customers specifications and this required a high-capacity machine which could print 300 parts per minute. By 2010, Puppyish Meta son of Biennials Meta Joined his family business after completing his family managed business (FM) program. On his first day in the company he walked into the printing area and saw Shank, the head printer sleeping on the Job and also observed that operation management in printing department was in total mess. Printing plates required for printing process were hardly found in time resulting in delay of entire process. Upon enquiring from Rakes the Accounts Assistant of the company he got to know that plates used for new orders were kept in storeroom after use to be subsequently used in repeat orders. But there was no proper mechanism in place for arrangement of plates so they could not be located easily. So to compensate the time lost in finding the plates employees often worked overweight to complete the order. It resulted in extra costs as workers were paid overtime wages and new plates were made only in emergency orders in case old ones were not found. Paranoia received about 60 orders per day and manufactured 30,000 cans per day. It had produced nearly 30,000 designs during last 15 years. Plates of all these customers were maintained for use in case of new order. Maintaining accounts of such vast data required meticulous work. But Shank insisted that they should hire another person to maintain the registers as he was already busy running the machine but this was not acceptable to Biennials. Puppyish decided to deal with the problems and discuss the same with his father. Puppyish wanted to restructure the storage operations of plates in his company, but further investment is not acceptable to his father. So Puppyish has to come up with a concrete plan whether he should introduce technology for data maintenance of printing plates, reduce the extra costs which are paid for working overtime or he would hire extra employees to maintain the registers of plates. PROBLEM STATEMENT Improper management of print plates records leading to unnecessary load on the employees of printing department resulting to the low efficiency and extra costs. Biennials was not ready to make any investments in upgrading the present system. OBJECTIVES: 1 . To improve operation and time managing department of printing division with minimum extra cost. 2. To store and locate printing plates in an efficient manner. 3. To introduce technology for maintaining data of printing plates and customers orders. 4. To reduce excessive work load on employees. OPTIONS: 1. Buy a new warehouse or rent it to store printing plates. 2. To introduce technology like ERP system to maintain computerized data of printing plates. 3. Hire extra people to specifically maintain printing plates registers. 4. Outsourcing the work to some company so they can maintain data storage of printing plates properly. EVALUATION OF OPTIONS: OPTIONS o c s 1. Buying a new warehouse will require lot of investments initially as well further operations costs for running the facility as well buy new equipments. It would be beneficial for proper maintenance of plates, cost incurred would hinder its implementation. Introducing ERP system will professionalism the system. It would store information of each and every plate and employees will be able to prepare printing plates whenever customers place their orders. But it will require huge setup cost and they will have to hire employees and train them. 3. Hiring employees for maintaining record of plates will be a better option keeping cos t factor in mind. Although it will lead to extra costs but it will be negligible as they were paying Shank and his crew overtime wages. Also it will reduce unnecessary load of current employees and they will be able concentrate properly on their work. But for maintaining huge amount of data, use of technology is advisable. 4. Outsourcing maintenance of printing plates to external firm will help Paranoia to focus on its core service of manufacturing and supplying aerosol cans which they are known for. Printing plates can be made depending on customers order and the outsourcing firm can maintain the data according to that. This will help employees of printing department to focus on decorations of cans and need not worry about locating plates for every order. But this implementation requires investment and he will have to convince his father who is not willing to spend any money. RECOMMENDATION: Puppyish should try to negotiate with his father and convince him to invest money in outsourcing firm and to reduce constant bottleneck in printing department. Although hiring new employees will avoid extra costs but recommendation would be to outsource the work to the external firm. As Paranoia is well known aerosol manufacturer company,they should focus on its better quality service and fast service and let the external firm take care of the records of printing plates. This will reduce load from Shank as well as his crews shoulders and they will be able to work efficiently on printing machines. CONNECTIONAL: Puppyish has to come up with a concrete plan and convince his father and take him into confidence to invest the money into the outsourcing firm by showing him that they are already spending extra cost due to mismanagement of printing plates so they can cut down on the unnecessary spending which is affecting the company and customers not receiving their delivery orders completely due to orders becoming an emergency order. To implement the idea of outsourcing firm Puppyish should ask his team to float tenders to invite firms interested in storing and delivering printing late. CONTINGENCY PLAN: Puppyish should implement ERP technology in the firm as the data storage of the printing plates will be computerized. It will equip the company and it would help him as the company looks to expand the business in the future. Word count-11 50 UNDERTAKING To Whom It May Concern: l, Rural Augural, hereby declare that this assignment is my original work and is not copied from anyone/anywhere. If found similar with sources, I take complete responsibility of action taken thereof by WAC team. Signature NAME: Rural Augural ROLL NO: 131246 SECTION: B How to cite Pramanik Containers And The Bottleneck, Papers

Preferential hiring Essay Example For Students

Preferential hiring Essay In recent years preferential hiring has become an issue of great interest. Preferential hiring, which was devised to createharmony between the different races and sexes, has divided the lines even more. Supporters on both sides seem fixed in their positions and often refuse to listen to the other groups platform. In this essay, the recipients of preferential hiring will be either black or female, and the position in question will be a professorship on the university level. The hirings in question are cases that involve several candidates, all roughly equal in their qualifications (including experience, education, people skills, etc.), with the only difference being race and/or sex. What we have here is a case of predetermined preference. The two candidates in question are equal in all ways, except race. The black applicant is selected, not because of skills or qualifications (in that case the white man would have provided the same result), but for his skin color. This seems to be bla tant discrimination, but many believe it is justified. Some feel retribution for years of discrimination is reason enough, but that issue will be discussed later. First, lets focus on why this is not a solution to creating an unbiased society. Martin Luther King Jr. had a dream: I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will notbe judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. He desired a world without discrimination, withoutprejudice, and without stereotypes. The fundamental lesson years of discrimination should have taught is that to give anyone preference based on skin color, sex, or religious beliefs is, in one word, wrong. As Martin Luther King Jr. stated, judgment based on skin color must not exist. All preferential hiring does is keep judgments based on skin color alive. Race and sex should not be issues in todays society, yet preferential hiring continues to make these factors issues by treating minoritie s as a group rather than as individuals. More importantly preferential hiring may actually fuel, rather than extinguish, feelings of racial hostility. Applying the concept of preferential hiring to another situation may help elucidate its shortcomings. A party of white men and a party of black men both arrive at a restaurant at the same time and only one table is free. The headwaiter can only seat one party and must make a decision. According to preferential hiring theory it is necessary to seat the black party first, since historically blacks have been discriminated against when seated in restaurants. In another situation, a white man and a black man are both equidistant from the last seat on the bus. Both men are the same age, have no medical problems, and are equal in all ways except skin color. Should the black man get the seat since in the past black men have been discriminated against? We could continue this practice for several centuries before the debt we owe for depriving b lacks of a seat on the bus would be paid. Perhaps these examples are invalid. It could be said that jobs are a different issue. They help define social status and provide economic well-being. They might even boost self-confidence, something that discrimination has stolen. Two points must be considered before moving any further. First, blacks may learn better from a black, and women may learn better from a woman. Second, hiring women and blacks will provide role models for others. The first point Thomson quickly concedes as likely to be false. Discussion about the second point however is required, and will, in effect, serve to negate the first point as well. First, lets create a character, Bill. Bill is grossly overweight and unattractive. Studies have shown that many employersdiscriminate (whether subconsciously or not), against both overweight and unattractive individuals. Unfortunately for Bill, he fits into both categories. His inability to land a job reflective of his abilities, coupled with years of public humiliation through jokesmade at his expense, has destroyed his self-esteem. This has caused him to accept as fact the notion that he will never be able to reach his goals. Few Bill success stories exist, only further plummeting his self-confidence. This example sounds strikingly similar to a common argument for preferential hiring. I have been discriminated against, which has caused my self esteem to fall, and now I am stuck, with few role models to follow. Bills success has probably been thwarted by more sources than the todays average black or female, but there is no provision in preferential hiring for him. Just like no one can control their race or skin color, Bills obesity is caused by a medical problem beyond treatment. Selective preferential hiring wont work. Even if one doesnt accept the fact that preferential hiring discriminates against the white male, one must accept the fact that preferential hiring discriminates against Bill. .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556 , .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556 .postImageUrl , .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556 , .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556:hover , .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556:visited , .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556:active { border:0!important; } .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556:active , .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556 .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue3779e9969c1511d204935fce4e47556:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Genocide Essay Now lets assume that this argumentation is invalid for one reason or another. Lets assume the lack of self-confidence andself-respect that todays blacks and women are suffering from may deserve some compensation. But before continuing, it seems necessary to narrow the range of who qualifies for compensation for suffering. The issue at hand concerns todays blacks and todays women. Todays society is not responsible for incidents preceding its own existence. Other opinions may not coincide with this belief, but I do not feel any responsibility for the positive or negative actions of my grandfather or my father. However, as a member of society I will take responsibility for the positive or negative actions of society today. For example, todays society is not responsible for blacks or womens lack of voting rights years ago. If for some reason we were responsible, how could this possibly be repaid? Make a black or female vote count two or three times? No, this is preposterous. We have canc eled our debts, simply by giving them a right to vote and a say in the election of their representatives. Now that is not to say that todays society is not responsible for the discrimination of blacks and women in recent years. But, even prior to the lifetime of those that would be most affected by preferential hiring: both blacks and women have had the right to vote; discrimination based on race, color, religion, or sex has been illegal; segregation has ended; and thecivil rights movement has taken place. Clearly, we live in a different United States than out predecessors. Todays blacks and women may still experience some repercussions of discrimination, but for decades laws have been enforced prohibiting discrimination. If someone discriminates against a black today, charges could be filed against that person and that person will be punished. That is the bottom line. Preferential treatment cannot be given to victims of all crimes. It would become chaotic trying pin the level of pr eference a victim should get for different crimes. For a moment lets digress to the case of Judy. Judy was raped. All society can offer her is the punishment of her rapist, if her rapist is found guilty. Sure, Judy will probably suffer for the rest of her life believing that it was her fault; she will lose self-respect and self-confidence. But is Judy going to receive preferential treatment when she walks into an office and applies for a job? There is no space on a job application for Judy to say: I should receive special consideration, because several years ago I was raped. This rape has caused me years of anguish, and now I lack the self-confidence I once had. All this has cause me to underachieve in school and in life. Please consider this when you review my application. If Judy, who lost her self-confidence and self-respect through the violation of her rights by a member of society, is given no compensation for her trauma, why should blacks or women? All society owes the victim of a crime is that the criminal be punished if in fact a law was breached. Possibly their case is more powerful. Not all women (or men) are raped each year, but most blacks and women have been discriminated against at some point in their life. Could we possibly owe the victims of discrimination something? If, as Thomson claims, all blacks and females have, as a consequence of their past lack of rights, suffered a lack ofself-confidence and self-respect, then why preferentially give them jobs? Jobs have no direct correlation to a lack of self-respect and self-confidence. Indirectly, yes, maybe many blacks and women have not been able to achieve their highest goals due to this lack of self-confidence and are therefore handicapped when they enter the job market. But it seems to me that if we were to solve the problem and provide repayment with the loosening of qualifications necessary, or even not the loosening but the offering of preferential treatment when hiring blacks and women, th is does not solve the problem. It seems to make more sense to dig deeper; to find the root of the problem and change it. Since we cant go back and change history, eliminatingthe poor treatment blacks and women of the past, then the next best thing seems to be to reverse the effects of discrimination inthe present. The lack of presence in the upper levels of the job market is not a direct effect of discrimination. It is, as Thomson states, a lack of self-confidence and self-respect that has kept toadys blacks and women down. So the logical solution would be to renew their self-respect, and to restore their self-confidence. It seems like too superficial of a solution to simply give blacks and women preference when it comes to hiring. Certainly it would not bolster my self-confidence to know that I received a job over another equally qualified individual, simply due to my skin color or sex. I would feel as if again race and sex were dominating decisions. Wasnt the original goal to elim inate the issue of skin color and sex from all decisions? Thomson, in her essay on preferential hiring, tells us that she is not happy with the solution of preferential hiring in its entirety: If there were some appropriate way in which the community could make amends to its blacks and women, some way which did not require depriving anyone of anything he has a right to, then that would be the best course to take. There must be a better way. Psychological treatment would help give the victims of poor treatment renewed self-confidence, providing them the confidence to go out and try to earn a job, rather than get handed a job. The feeling of accomplishment that results from earning a job would help improve self-confidence. But now another issue arises. We would owe all victims of crime some sort of compensation. Maybe there is another way to elevate the status of minorities without bringing the issue of race or sex into the arena. If what is desired by preferential hiring is a jump-st art to promote diversity in the workplace and in society, where race and sex are irrelevant, why not enact a plan where preferential hiring is not based on these factors? Instead, why not give preference to underrepresented towns or areas of town (possibly by zip code), to those that are financially burdened, and to those with handicaps. This would help relieve the pressure of race and sex in these issues. The underprivileged will still be given a jump-start, and diversity will still be promoted. However, this solution breaches another point that any form of categorization of people should not occur. The solutions presented are more acceptable than preferential hiring, though they still have their defects. Why not bury the issue of race? Discrimination is waning. It has become a crime to discriminate. Soon blacks and women will become full members of the job world. There are plenty of role model success stories available. There is no reason to believe that anyone, in todays society, cannot achieve whatever they wish. Hard work and diligence will pay off and eventually race and sex will no longer be issues. The goal is to make race and sex irrelevant, and preferential hiring only keeps these issues alive. Lets try to live in a societymodeled after Martin Luther King Jr.s dream, and I believe the issues of race and sex will disappear, leaving people to be judged solely on their character.

Guideline for business ethic free essay sample

Explain the ethical issues which can affect the operational activities of a business Show that you understand the foundations of ethics (think Kant and Mill and other early ethical theorists), also that you understand about how ethics has developed from these. Show that you understand how absolute ethics and relative ethics are the same in some ways but are different in other ways. Talk about what Business Ethics really means (definitions). Give some examples of company decisions which involve ethics (if everyone agrees which is the right decision, then that is usually not an ethical issue). Talk about how businesses have ‘corporate values’ and how those values get communicated to stakeholders. Talk about ethics which come from certain professions (for example, all doctors have a code of ethics they follow and that code does not matter where they work because the code comes from their profession). 2. 1 Explain how business objectives are affected by ethical considerations Talk about what the business’s objectives are and how making decisions in an ethical or unethical way (corporate governance, CSR, triple bottom line, sustainability, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Guideline for business ethic or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ) can affect those objectives. 2. 2 Evaluate the implications for a business and its stakeholders to operate ethically Talk about stakeholders and what conflicts they naturally have (for example, customers want lower price but shareholders want more profit). Talk about pressure groups, changing to support ethical activities, etc. â€Å"Evaluate† means showing you understand which is best and which is worst and why. Come up with some opinions here and support those opinions with good academic argument.

The beginning of tv essays

The beginning of tv essays Is television appropriate, especially in the home of a growing child? To find this answer we have to review why it wouldnt be and why it could be appropriate. Which, pro or con, weighs higher in the argument. In order to prove either way I have to show how it exactly affects the child. When Children are born they are born with all the brain cells they will ever have. Once you are born you do not grow more brain cells like the other cells of the body such as skin and bone cells. You ask well how is that true if their brain does not grow then no one could ever increase in knowledge. The brain grows by increasing brain connections within the nerves of the brain. Scientists have proven that children form these brain connections at a rate of 10 times the rate an adult does. Have you ever noticed that you could learn and pick up on things when you were younger then now that you are older? This is why, your learning ability is higher when you are young. Because of this a parent of the children or guardian has to provide a high learning environment for this child! Television first came out it was in 1939 at the worlds fair in France. The TV as it is known today is completely different from the original TV. It started as commercial television. Today there are some commercials but the main things we see on TV such as shows and movies are public broadcasting. Not until 20 years later did public broadcasting start. Public broadcasting started as completely educational such as PBS. This has changed greatly within the last 70 years! Today the content of TV is unbelievable! American children watch an average of three to fours hours of television a day. Television can be a powerful influence for developing value systems and shaping behavior in children. But, much of today's television programming is violent. Hundreds of studies of the effects of TV violence on childr ...

The Struggle for Independence in Mental Institutions in One Flew Over Assignment

The Struggle for Independence in Mental Institutions in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest - Assignment Example Formalist analysis reveals how the basic elements of the film are arranged to reflect the struggle of mental patients against oppression. In the hospital, McMurphy clashes with the equally determined Nurse Ratched (Louise Fletcher). Through a chronological storyline that is filled with metaphors, irony and realistic cinematography, acting, and directing, the film depicts the inner and outer conflicts of mental patients who are rational enough to claim independence from an authoritarian establishment that has taken away their freedom to choose their destinies, where its ending underscores that, to be truly free, the individual must make the hard choice of rejecting society altogether. The storytelling of the film involves an omniscient storyteller that shows different perspectives, although the point of view generally comes from McMurphy using a linear story time in modern time setting. The setting is a real mental hospital to capture the poor physical conditions of such hospitals and to demonstrate the exact environment of the mentally ill. The story revolves around the main character, McMurphy, and his interactions with nurses and patients in the hospital. An example is that he sees the mental hospital from his own perspective, especially his needs and wants as an individualist. Although the movie shows what Ratched also sees as a nurse, McMurphy’s motives and freedom ideals drive the primary conflicts, especially the conflict between person-against-person and Person-against-society. The story follows these conflicts and how McMurphy creates interesting ways to gain autonomy for himself and his fellow patients. Furthermore, the linear chronological timef rame helps the audience focus more on the characters and the events surrounding them than analyzing  disconnected timelines. The audience does not have to think about the connections between different scenes in different timeframes with a linear story.

Equity and Trusts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Equity and Trusts - Essay Example The contention of this paper was that the principles of need and partnership were incongruous for cohabitant couples. Most of the instances of such couples with children involve limited assets. Therefore, the court had to assess the extent of the economic requirements of the children and then divide the assets. After taking into account the recommendations of various legal luminaries, eminent jurists, sociologists and other experts a final report will be published in the year 2007. Its recommendations are expected to substantially benefit separating cohabitees2. If a divorce ensues, then the court can issue pension adjustment orders. However, the Law Commission opined that this facility should not be extended to a cohabitation relation that breaks down, because it does not accord the same importance to cohabitation that it does to marriage3. It is an onerous task to consider the legal treatment of cohabitants as it involves important questions of social policy. Its complexity can be attributed to the laws and its social impact. The larger problems posed by this phenomenon have been dealt with in Parliament and the Law Commission has restricted its endeavours to the establishment of technical deficiencies in the law and to recommending the procedure to be adopted in order to ensure that reform takes place4. In October 1999, the Law Society made several proposals to the Courts to pass such orders as would ensure payment of capital and maintenance on separation. The Law Commissioner, Charles Harpum, opined that the law in respect of home sharing was biased, ambiguous and irrational. In addition, the Office for National Statistics had disclosed that the number of cohabiting couples was on the increase. The rights of cohabitants are far fewer in comparison to the rights of married couples. Further, it would be incorrect to maintain that this situation is ideal as only

The Balanced Scorecard Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

The Balanced Scorecard - Essay Example This direction is centrally provided in four dimensions which include financial, customer, internal process and learning and growth perspectives. SASA is an International Holdings Limited retailing group providing cosmetics. It is incorporated in Hong Kong, now enjoys the position of leading cosmetic provider from Asia. The success of SASA like any other business is the reflection of the effective strategic management. For continuing the practice of effective strategic management, the underlying report develops the Balance Score Card for the SASA Company for the further organized and effective strategic management. Hence, the accounting manager of SASA presents BSC plan to the strategic management of the company. COMPANY REVIEW Established in 1978 in Hong Kong, SASA now owns over 600 brands with 17,000 products to fulfill the customer’s cosmetics needs. SASA now successfully serves customers on more than 270 counters including stores and other options. In additional, service t o customers is also provided on online platform. Euromonitor 2013 rated SASA the largest cosmetic chain among the top 500 retailers of Asia and among the top ten Hong Kong’s retailer groups (SASA, 2013a). ... Under this domain, Sa Sa has around 260 multi brand store and seven specific specialty store in addition to the online service. The brand Management section encompasses nearly 100 brands exclusive and is only brand manager in Hong Kong (SASA, 2013a). EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT Cosmetic industry in Hong Kong is dominated by the imports from foreign market including France (US $1.7 Bn 2012) and USA (US$ 425 Bn in 2012). Hence, market is dominated by the foreign market; therefore, offers attractive potential for growth for the brand management section of the Sa Sa. The forecasted growth for future of the mentioned import is 13 percent and 15 percent in 2013 and 2014 respectively. Nearly, 35 million tourists from China in 2012 landed and offered potential to the Hong Kong market of Cosmetics and offers wide expansion opportunity to the locals businesses and foreign brands. It is important to mention, that though the potential to growth is extensive as no import duties are charged; however, the market is very competitive and top ten cosmetic provided hold 70 percent of the market (Export. gov, 2013). MISSION The mission statement of SASA clearly identifies its way of doing business. Mission identifies clearly that business concerned to work in four dimensions that include customers, employees, suppliers and overall society (SASA, 2013b). Every strategy of SASA is directed by leveraging expertise and benefits to and from these four pillars of SASA. VISSION The vision of SASA is to develop expanded foot prints with retail value added cosmetics and professional beauty expert service provider in the global market with central focus in mainland in China (SASA, 2013b). INTERNAL STRENGTHS ASSESSMENT (SWOT) Sa Sa is well reputed brand of Hong Kong in cosmetics industry.

Hydrogen Peroxide As Additive For Diesel Fuel

Hydrogen Peroxide As Additive For Diesel Fuel CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION HEAT ENGINES A heat engine is a machine whose function is to produce mechanical energy and it does so by using heat energy that is released when combustion of fuel takes place. It is classified in two main types on the basis where the combustion takes place. 1. External combustion engines also called the E.C engines: Here, as name suggests, heat energy from fuel is extracted not inside the cylinder where mechanical movement is generated but outside at different setup from where it is carried along in any medium such as air, steam or gas and passed into setup where it can be used for generating mechanical movement. Examples of this type of engine are hot air engines, steam turbines, steam engines and closed cycle gas turbine. This kind of engine is mostly used in electric power generations, ships, and driving locomotives. 2. Internal combustion engines famously known as I.C engines: It can be easily understood from the name that heat energy of fuel is extracted inside the cylinder from where mechanical movement originates. I.C. ENGINES: Here the mechanical energy is generated by force on nozzle, blades of turbines or pistons. They are arranged in such a way that when fuel is burnt inside combustion chamber the gases so produced as result of this action having very high pressure and very high temperature creates a force that directly leads to the their movement. From the development point of view we can say that J.J.E Lenior was the one who developed the first practically okay engine in 1860 and after that many different version were experimented mostly having power of around 4.5 kw and efficiency near 5%. otto-langen is given credit for developing a four stroke cycle engine in 1876. The efficiency of engine was nearly around 11%. It worked on spark ignition system. In 1892 rudolf diesel came with the compression ignition engine which was more efficient than spark ignition engines. 1.2.1 Classification of I.C. Engines. CHAPTER 2 DIESEL ENGINE 2.1 INTRODUCTION It is an internal combustion heat engine where heat energy, produced by spraying fuel on compressed air having a high temperature that is above the self-ignition temperature of fuel inside the cylinder, is converted in to mechanical work. Piston is arranged inside the cylinder that produces this mechanical work in response to combustion and expansion of air inside the cylinder. Diesel engine works on both 2 stroke and 4 stroke cycle. The main difference between diesel and petrol engine is that diesel works on the concept of constant pressure heat addition while petrol works on the concept of constant volume heat addition. For an engine to work on constant pressure heat addition concept it needs fuel which has low self-ignition temperature. And the fact that only air is compressed inside the cylinder is the reason for high compression ratio of diesel engine. They lie in the range of 14-22. 2.2 WORKING The four important processes of a diesel engine are intake of air, compression of the air to temperature that is above the self-ignition temperature of fuel, combustion inside the cylinder by spraying fuel on the compressed air and finally letting out the gases from cylinder after combustion. These four processes are repeated in cycle to make the engine run continuously. These four processes can be done with two strokes of piston (one revolution of crankshaft) or four strokes of the piston (two revolution of crankshaft). Lets understand the four stroke processes briefly because we are going to perform experiment on 4-stroke engine. During first stroke piston moves down creating space for air to come in. now when piston moves upward it compress air within the cylinder. When piston reaches at the top fuel is sprayed in the cylinder. This leads to combustion and downward movement of piston. After reaching bottom piston moves upward removing the exhaust gas from cylinder. And again when piston moves down fresh air is taken in cylinder and processes goes on. The up and down movement (linear motion) of piston is converted in to rotary motion through crankshaft which is connected to the piston. Please refer to the diagram below. 2.3 FUEL INJECTION The injection of fuel to the cylinder is very critical processes. If done with accurate timing and injection pressure it can lead to enhanced performance of the engine. The injection pressure given to the fuel by injector is typically 7â‚ ¬Ã‚ ª106 to 7â‚ ¬Ã‚ ª107 pa. The accurate time for fuel injection is when piston is about to reach the top of cylinder. When fuel is injected inside it is partly combusted as constant volume and then as piston moves down the remaining part is combusted as pressure constant processes. 2.4 PROS AND CONS OF DIESEL ENGINE The diesel engine is far more superior to the gasoline engine in terms of efficiency. They do not make noise and are very low on maintenance requirement when compared to gasoline engines. Its reliability and ruggedness is more. As fuel leads to combustion due to low self-ignition temperature no spark plugs are required which leads to lower cost of maintaining. Cost of fuel is lower, around 30% to 40% than gas engines. Another major advantage it gives over gasoline engine is by producing low waste in exhaust and cooling Major disadvantages of diesel engine are its high weight to horsepower ratio and difficulty to make them start when they are in cold weather area. CHAPTER 3 DIESEL FUEL AND ADDITIVES Any liquid that can be utilized to operate diesel engine is called as diesel fuel. Mainly derived from following four sources. Diesel fuel has been divided into three major groups by ASTM (The American society for testing and materials), which depends on the various uses of diesel engines. They are: No. 1-D for frequent load and speed changing engines. No. 2-D for engine with constant speed but high loads. No. 3-D for low and medium speed engines that operate under sustained loads. 3.1 DESIRED QUALITIES OF DIESEL FUEL Keeping in mind the functioning of diesel engine that are few important and critical qualities that a liquid must have to serve as diesel fuel. They are: 3.2 STANDARD SPECIFICATION OF DIESEL FUEL Depending upon intention of use, diesel fuel is available in various grades. Diesel fuel is a mixture of different crude oil derived substances, all with their own physical and chemical properties, such as paraffins, isoparaffins, napthenes, olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons. Diesel fuel has to work in various kinds of engine types, having difference in conditions of operation and cycles of duty, and range of technology of fuel system, temperatures of engine and pressures of fuel system. It must suit a wide range of different climates. The balanced properties of each grade of diesel fuel are important to give good performance over an extremely various situation .The most common in use guidelines for diesel fuel are given by ASTM International. ASTM specifications are created after taking into consideration, based on the wide range of experience and cooperativeness of diesel fuels producer, diesel engines manufacturer and fuel systems (and users of both), and other important officials like state fuel quality regulators. 3.3 IMPORTANT PROPERTIES OF FUEL 3.4 DIFFERENT TYPES AND FUNCTIONS OF ADDITIVES Diesel fuel properties are met and maintained by petroleum industry by taking the use of number of commercial diesel fuel additives. Fuel components and additives are different from each other. Firstly Fuel Components are hydrocarbon classes like aromatic, iso-paraffin and naphthene. They basically sum up the volume of the fuel. While Additives are added to fuel in at very less amounts, generally at the ppm level, and is of no significance fuel volume. There are different types of additives that are used to improve fuel in different ways and to overcome different problems. Following table give different types of additives and their functions. Table showing different types and function of additives. Type of Additive Function Cetane number improver Improves ignition quality by raising cetane number, better starts, reduces white smoke Lubricity improvers Improves lubricity, better injector pump lubrication Antioxidants Extend storage life, inhibit oxidation, reduce gum and precipitate formation Stabilizers Inhibit oxidation extend storage life Metal deactivators Deactivate copper compounds in fuel, thereby promoting longer storage life Pour point depressants Low temperature operability, improve cold flow properties Smoke suppressants Promote more complete combustion reduce exhaust smoke Rust preventers Reduce formation of rust in fuel systems storage tanks De-emulsifiers Used to increase the rate of water separation from the fuel CHAPTER 4 HYDROGEN PEROXIDE Having very high oxidizing capability Hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) is one of the strongest reactive oxidizer that exists. Naturally, it is synthesized as the by-product of oxidative metabolism in nearly all-living organisms. It is mainly used as a propellant in rocketry, as bleach, as an antiseptic and as an oxidizer. It has IUPAC name of Di-hydrogen dioxide and is also known as Dioxidane. Molecular diagram of hydrogen peroxide 4.1 IMPORTANT PROPERTIES OF H2O2: 1. Hydrogen peroxide has a Molar mass of 34.0147 g/mol 2. It appears colorless in solution and otherwise has a very light blue color. 3. H2O2 has density of 1.463 g/cm3 4. Melting point of -.43 oc. and boiling point of 150.2 oc. 5. It has more viscosity than h2o. 6.It has calorific value of 2700 kJ/kg. 7. Has dipole moment of 2.13 debye and refractive index of 1.33 (same as that of water) 8. It has specific heat capacity of 1.267 J/kg (gas) and of 2.619 J/kg (liquid) 4.2 HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AS AN ADDITIVE: One important reaction of hydrogen peroxide is its spontaneous exothermic decomposition into oxygen and water. The reactions is: 2 H2O2  ® 2 H2O + O2 It has: 1. Standard enthalpy of reaction of -98.4 kJ/mol 2. Gibbs free energy of -118.7 kJ/mol 3. Change of entropy of 71 J/mol Because of this property of hydrogen peroxide it is used as propellant in rocket. Here high-test peroxide (hydrogen peroxide with concentration of around 90%) is used. The H2O2 decomposes into steam and oxygen. According to me same concept can be applied to diesel engine as well. Where adding small amount of hydrogen peroxide to the diesel fuel can improve ignition of diesel fuel inside combustion chamber by providing additional oxygen and energy when it decomposes. And steam thus produced will easily move out along the exhaust gases. CHAPTER 5 EXPERIMENT PERFORMED 5.1 OBJECTIVE: To conduct experiment using 4 stroke, 2 cylinder diesel engine to study the effects of addition of hydrogen peroxide to the diesel fuel. And compare the performance of three different sample fuel where the first one is 100% diesel, second is 95% diesel + 5% hydrogen peroxide and third is 90% diesel + 10% hydrogen peroxide. 5.2 AIM: To calculate following parameters for three fuel samples: Brake power (BP). Brake mean effective pressure (Pbm) Fuel consumed (Qf) Heat energy produced by fuel (Hf) Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) Brake thermal efficiency ( Ã‚ ¨bt) Air fuel ratio (A/F) 5.3 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP: Diesel engine has two cylinders and is four stroke, water-cooled engine. Dynamometer that is a rope brake type has been provided with loading sensors. Different rota-meters has been arranged to calculate flow of water to calorimeter of exhaust gas and to the engine jacket. Setup is equipped with temperature sensors, air tank and fuel tank for supply. Software has been programmed to collect data. It provides experiment performer to log-in data and store and print them. This software allows tabulation and comparison of data collected. Now lets discuss about the dynamometer mentioned above. It has brake drum, load cell, and arrangement of cooling down water. It is so coupled with the shat of the engine that load can be changed using rotation of wheel that increases the tension of the drum. Another important part of the setup is facility provided to measure the heat energy gone along with exhaust gases. Calorific measuring meter is equipped with jacket of the cooling water and shell that is in central with baffles. Water is made to flow against in indirect contact with gas that comes from exhaust and there is a rota-meter and valve to control the rate of flow of this water. So using heat can be measured that is going out as a waste with gases that comes from exhaust. There also is a provision made for getting p-v and p- Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ graphs. These works based on the sensors. Sensors that are stored in combustion chamber and aligned along the shaft that gives the output motion that has been produced by engine. These sensors provide the software the data of different pressure and angle of crank. And then we directly get graphs on the computer. But sadly these sensors have been damaged and cannot be used. So we are not able to get these graphs which are essential part of performance analysis. 5.4 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE: First of all three different samples of fuels are made. Sample 1 is pure diesel. Sample 2 is 5% hydrogen peroxide and 95% diesel. Sample 3 is 10% hydrogen peroxide and 90% diesel. All the pre-checks of the engine are conducted such as SAE 20w40 oil is filled in the oil sump up to needed level using a stick that is made specially for this purpose, data cable is connecting unit of interfering with the computer, flow of water is set accordingly through rota-meters. Filling of the fuel sample in the fuel tank. Starting engine with the help of lever that is for decompressing. Lifting this lever while turning flywheel at high speed taking use of handle leads to smooth starting of engine. Run the engine for like say 2 min before any thing to be done because it needs time to stabilization. Now loading of the diesel engine is done with help of dynamometer. Here we will try and set four different loads for a sample of fuel. Firstly zero kg then eight kg after that 16 kg and finally 24 kg. Readings are noted down or you may say logged in the computer for every load and saved. After completion of the experiment for fuel 1 same procedure is followed for other two samples. After the readings and information of all samples are collected stop the engine only after reducing load on engine. Finally close the supply of water that is used for cooling and stop the fuel supply. 5.5 IMPORTANT SPECIFICATIONS OF ENGINE: 14 horse power engine Diameter of bore is 87.5 mm Length of stroke is 110 mm Length of arm acting on dynamometer is 0.165m Density of air is taken as 1.21 kg/m3 Gravitational acceleration is 9.81 m/s2 Surface area of piston is 6.01*10-3 m2 Volume swept by cylinder per second is .0165 m3/sec 5.6 FORMULAE USED: Please note formulae have been written after calculating all constant and known values as specific numerical constant so as to get clear picture of what and how different variables affect the values of performance indicators. And also that following set of formula apply for sample 1 only and similarly formulae for sample 2 and 3 were calculated separately. Brake-power (in kw): m is mass of load acting on dynamometer (kg) N is revolution per minute of shaft Break mean effective pressure (in N/m2): Fuel consumed by engine (in kg/s): X is volume of fuel consumed (in ml) T is time taken to consume X ml of fuel (in seconds) Air fuel ratio: Qa is flow rate of air intake by engine (in m3/s) Brake specific fuel consumption (in kg/kw-s): Heat supplied by fuel (in kw): Brake thermal efficiency (in %): Volumetric efficiency (in %): 5.8 ANALYSIS AND COMPARISION OF PERFORMANCE: GRAPH: LOAD VS BRAKE POWER From above graph we can say that all the 3 samples of fuel are able to give same brake power output. This helps us to confirm that 2 experimental fuel are able to provide same output as that provided by original fuel. GRAPH: LOAD VS BSFC From the graph we can observe that sample 2 has higher BSFC then other 2 samples at low loads. But as the load is increased sample 2 has slightly lower BSFC than other two samples. While sample 3 gives you lower BSFC at low loads and same BSFC as the sample 1 at higher loads. GRAPH: LOAD VS BRAKE THERMAL EFFICIENCY From graph above, it is clearly visible that sample 2 and sample 3 provides higher efficiency than the original sample 1. And it is also important to note that there is not much vast difference between efficiency of sample 1 and sample 2 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION The experiment was performed on the 4-stroke, vertical, 2-cylinder diesel engine. It was maintained at constant rpm of 1498 and 50 ml of fuel was consumed at each load. Four load conditions were decided to perform experiment on 3 samples of fuel keeping in mind the capability of engine. The 4 conditions were 0, 8, 16, and 24 kg. The positives that we can take from the experiment performed are that we are able to produce same output result in terms of output power at output shaft though the heating value of sample fuel 2 and 3 are lower than that of sample 1. This is the reason we are able to show increase in brake thermal efficiency obtained by sample fuel 2 and 3 than that obtained by sample 1. But the most important conclusion that I think from the experiment is that there is slight decrease in BSFC of sample fuel 2 at high load. Due to limitation of experimental conditions we cannot check the result for load above 25 kg. I believe that this result has originated from the fact that hydrogen peroxide provides that additional oxygen and energy when it decomposes exothermically to give steam and oxygen. The thing that hampers the proposition of hydrogen peroxide as an additive for diesel fuel is its storage problem. A research is needed on the feasibility of storing hydrogen peroxide separately than the diesel in engine and spraying it through different injection system than that of diesel because there could be possibility when hydrogen peroxide in the fuel tank it may decompose itself without aid of compression temperature in combustion chamber in long-term storage. The cost factor also needed to be taken into account. The other few things that are kind of inconclusive and needs further research on them are how does steam produced by decomposition reaction affects the engine on long run and what amount of hydrogen peroxide is optimum for the engine.

Educational Philosophy :: Philosophy of Education Teaching Essays

Educational Philosophy For some, it is an occupation – a means of earning a living. For others, it is a skill performed with great ability and proficiency. What is it? It is teaching. Teaching, as defined by Webster’s New World Dictionary, is to â€Å"show or help (a person) to learn (how) to do something; to provide with knowledge, insight, etc.†(Webster’s, p. 605). Since the beginning of civilization, teaching has encompassed people’s lives. Building on the knowledge learned from his beloved teacher, Socrates, Plato created his own school to encourage others in their pursuit of knowledge. Even though the styles and philosophies of teaching have changed greatly since 2000B.C., the concept of an ideal teacher remains the same. Excellent educators inspire their students to reach for the stars. Our public education system in West Virginia is due to the valiant efforts of our forefathers. Fighting for a training arrangement applicable to ALL students, these pioneers provided the groundwork from which we have expounded. Our ancestors appreciated the importance of an adequate education, and now, it is our responsibility as present and future educators to continue the tradition. Providing equal and superb instruction to all students should be the number one priority for us teachers. Public educators have the greatest opportunity – to touch a child’s life for the better. As a public school teacher, I would set the expectations for my students at ceiling level, but then provide them with the ladder and walk them through each wrung to ensure accomplishment. I want to instill in my students that each child has the capacity for success (keeping in mind that each person has his own definition for success) and a lifelong thirst for knowledge. Children are like clothing. Some are â€Å"ironed† and â€Å"clean† from a childhood of love and true nurturing. Some are â€Å"wrinkled† and â€Å"worn† from a childhood of abuse and neglect. Some appear â€Å"irregular† as a result of a handicap or disability. Sadly, many are â€Å"labeled†, whether positively or negatively, before they complete their years in school.

International Market Entry Methods

ExportingExporting is the direct sale of goods and / or services in another country. It is possibly the best-known method of entering a foreign market, as well as the lowest risk. It may also be cost-effective as you will not need to invest in production facilities in your chosen country – all goods are still produced in your home country then sent to foreign countries for sale. However, rising transportation costs are likely to increase the cost of exporting in the near future.The majority of costs involved with exporting come from marketing expenses. Usually, you will need the involvement of four parties: your business, an importer, a transport provider and the government of the country of which you wish to export to.LicensingLicensing allows another company in your target country to use your property. The property in question is normally intangible – for example, trademarks, production techniques or patents. The licensee will pay a fee in order to be allowed the righ t to use the property.Licensing requires very little investment and can provide a high return on investment. The licensee will also take care of any manufacturing and marketing costs in the foreign market.FranchisingFranchising is somewhat similar to licensing in that intellectual property rights are sold to a franchisee. However, the rules for how the franchisee carries out business are usually very strict – for example, any processes must be followed, or specific components must be used in manufacturing.Joint ventureA joint venture consists of two companies establishing a jointly-owned business. One of the owners will be a local business (local to the foreign market). The two companies would then provide the new business with a management team and share control of the joint venture.There are several benefits to this type of venture. It allows you the benefit of local knowledge of a foreign market and allows you to share costs. However, there are some issues – there c an be problems with deciding who invests what and how to split profits.Foreign direct investmentForeign direct investment (FDI) is when you directly invest in facilities in a foreign market. It requires a lot of capital to cover costs such as premises, technology and staff. FDI can be done either by establishing a new venture or acquiring an existing company.Wholly owned subsidiaryA wholly owned subsidiary (WOS) is somewhat similar to foreign direct investment in that money goes into a foreign company but instead of money being invested into another company, with a WOS the foreign business is bought outright. It is then up to the owners whether it continues to run as before or they take more control of the WOS.PiggybackingPiggybacking involves two non-competing companies working together to cross-sell the other’s products or services in their home country. Although it is a low-risk method involving little capital, some companies may not be comfortable with this method as it i nvolves a high degree of trust as well as allowing the partner company to take a large degree of control over how your product is marketed abroad.Turnkey projectsA turnkey project refers to a project when clients pay contractors to design and construct new facilities and train personnel. A turnkey project is way for a foreign company to export its process and technology to other countries by building a plant in that country. Industrial companies that specialize in complex production technologies normally use turnkey projects as an entry strategy. One of the major advantages of turnkey projects is the possibility for a company to establish a plant and earn profits in a foreign country especially in which foreign direct investment opportunities are limited and lack of expertise in a specific area exists.Potential disadvantages of a turnkey project for a company include risk of revealing companies secrets to rivals, and takeover of their plant by the host country. Entering a market wit h a turnkey project CAN prove that a company has no long-term interest in the country which can become a disadvantage if the country proves to be the main market for the output of the exported process.

Video Game Console Essays

Video Game Console Essays Video Game Console Essay Video Game Console Essay The Xbox 360 is the second video game console produced by Microsoft, and the successor to the Xbox. The Xbox 360 competes with Sonys PlayStation 3 and Nintendos Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles. We plan to launch a high-quality, it is slimmer than the previous Xbox 360 model and features integrated 802. 11 b/g/n Wi-Fi, TOSLINK S/PDIF optical audio output, a 250 GB hard drive, 5 USB 2. 0 ports (compared to the 3 from older versions) and a special AUX port. The overall goal of xbox 360 marketing program is to create enhanced public awareness through a comprehensive marketing campaign. we would like to see a 15 percent increase in the segment market of brand awareness. The Xbox 360 is very user friendly,convenience with Wi-Fi Connection, good customer services and advices, free download video game trailers. Additonal, We are planning to provide a prefect customer services system. Building brand awareness among affluent consumers. Using low price to penetration in the market segmentation. Also We will use pull strategy to capture potential consumer and use push strategy to reach with good relationship with each media channel. Internal situation Our company mission is reach a brand awarness of 60% up to 75% in the cosumer market. We will build up a good communication with our partner, using promtion discount offer to wholesaler and retailer, we will provide more information of our new products to them. External situation When economic recovery, it will make people have more purchase power to buy their needs. Highly income will make people to increae their enterainment with standard of living. Xbox360 compete with others manufacture such as PS3, Wii in the segment market. SWOT Analysis of Xbox360 Xbox360 is very powerful strengths such as Kinect (originally known by the code name Project Natal)is a controller-free gaming and entertainment experience for the Xbox 360 video game platform. The users to control and interact with the Xbox 360 without the need to touch a game controller through a natural user interface using gestures, spoken commands or presented objects and images. The project is aimed at broadening the Xbox 360s audience beyond its typical gamer base. The Xbox360 is using HD Technology which makes a beautiful image and with visual expression. The powerful of Xbo360 is easily compat wiht previous Xbox games, it makes convenience who wants to play a previous games. Our pice is lower than PS3, Launch of Xbox 360 250 GB $299. 99 and The price of PS3 each unit cost around $400 to manufacture by August 2009 with 160GB. Our Weakness is the lack of Microsoft Xbox 360 Strength: Integration of next generation DVD players i. e. HD technology Backward compatibility with previous Xbox games Online product – the first of its kind Lower price than most comparable competitor PS3 The new product of kinect Weakness: Expensive hardware and games Production flows Direct competition with Nintendo because of equally large customer base Opportunity Penetration of new markets in ME Penetration of untouched markets by means of bundling Partnership with Hollywood studios Threat Lower cost competitor i. . Nintendo Anti trust issues in Europe Hardware complication Competition Sony Play Station 3 Strength: Integration of next generation DVD players Backward compatibility with previous PS2 Mostly Free Online product Recent decline in profits Weakness: Expensive hardware and games Opportunity Great product lunch covering global spectrum. Penetration of new markets in ME Penetration of untouched markets by means of bundling Partnership with Hollywood studios Threat Lower cost competitor i. e. Nintendo Delays in production Constant strategy change Nintendo Wii Strength: Uniqueness of hardware motion detection Low cost hardware and software Intuitive usage Weakness: Joystick liability Limited selection of software Opportunity Penetration of new markets in ME / Europe / Asia Marketing to novice gamers including seni ors and adults Threat Loss of potential customer because of lack of software selection and sophistication of games. Software developers abandon game development because of lack of adequate profits.

Aim Of The Ivu Examination Health And Social Care Essay Essay Example

Aim Of The Ivu Examination Health And Social Care Essay Essay Example Aim Of The Ivu Examination Health And Social Care Essay Essay Aim Of The Ivu Examination Health And Social Care Essay Essay There are many indicant related to the urinary system that possibly used to depict possible reactions to contrast media. The common pathologic indicants for radiographic urinary system processs are benign prostate hyperlaspsia ( BPH ) . It is the expansion of the prostate that ever happen in 50 old ages old adult male above. Although this is merely the benign status, this disease will do urethral compaction and besides obstructor. This obstructor will do the patient to experience hurting and difficult to urinate. The following pathologic indicants are vesica concretion which cause rock signifier in the vesica. The rock is non the same as the nephritic concretion. The rock that signifier in the vesica is grow rather big. This presence of rock in vesica causes the patient hard to urinate. Next is cystitis that describes the redness of the urinary vesica cause by infection of Fungi or bacterial. This is frequently happen to the adult females because ; they have a short urethra that more readily licenses retrograde transition of bacteriums into the vesica. There are many other diseased indicants like nephritic obstructor, acute obstructor, nephritic high blood pressure, pyelonephritis and many more. Patient readying for the ivu is similar with Ba clyster. The enteric piece of land should be free from any gas and faecal stuff. One twenty-four hours before the scrutiny is carried out ; the radiographer should teach the patient to fasting ( about 6 to 8 hours ) . This process is the same as for the kidney, ureter and vesica ( KUB ) scrutiny. Stomach need about 24 hours to be clear from any feaces or gases in the GI piece of land. The patient should take merely light repast on the eventide on the twenty-four hours before the scrutiny. The patient will be given an unwritten laxative that is duccolax to be eating at the dark before the scrutiny. For the certain group of patient, adaptation should be given. The group is diabetics, kids, and patients with other predisposing medical conditions in line with current section pattern. Teach the patient to alter to infirmaries fifty gown and emptied the vesica. The patient should invalidate merely before the scrutiny is performed for the unde rmentioned grounds. First is the vesica that is excessively full that could tear, particularly if compaction is applied early in the test. The 2nd 1 is urine already present in the vesica dilute the contrast media that accumulates at that place. The vesica will go big and little in form and sometimes irregular vesica lineation. The vesica possibly big due to prostate expansion, urethral obstructor, and neurogenic vesica. The vesica will go little due to tuberculosis, chronic cystitis, pelvic irradiation, and surgery. And, the pelvic will irregular in vesica lineation due to muscle wall hypertrophy with trabecualtion or to diverticula, chronic cystitis, neurogenic vesica and schisotosomiasisula. Benefits Using ivu for imaging intent is minimally invasive process with rare complication. The images that we get are valuable, the information is detailed and easy for doctors to name and handle the urinary piece of land conditions from kidney rocks to malignant neoplastic disease. By utilizing ivu, we can besides avoid more invansive surgical processs and can direct dainty with the medicine because it provide adequate information about kidney rocks and obstructor. This imagination procedure besides is less expensive, painless and faster than the options such as computed imaging ( CT ) and magnetic resonance imagination ( MRI ) . There is no side consequence due to the x beam and no radiation will stay in the organic structure after the scrutiny. Hazards The effectual radiation dose from this process is the same as the mean individual receives from background radiation in six months. In some people, contrast stuff can do inauspicious reaction on them. For adult females, if they have any possibility to hold a babe, they should inform their doctor or ten ray engineer. For some people, they may be allergic to iodine in the dye but it amp ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢s merely in little measure. There are alternate probe for people with an allergic reaction, hay febrility or asthma and a little dosage of corticoids given to stamp down the allergic response. Diabetic patients who may undergo ivu scrutiny should halt dice medical specialty for 48 hours before an ivu scrutiny. For the patients who is enduring from terrible liver, bosom or kidney diseases possibly given a particular direction by the specializer? Precaution In endovenous urography ( IVU ) process, there is some safeguard when making this process. For pregnant adult females they are non allowed to take any scrutiny sing on X ray. This will do abnormalcies to unborn kid. So, radiographer should inquire patient foremost whether they are pregnant or non before making scrutiny. If the patient have diabetic and take unwritten hypoglycaemic medicine, patient should take the medical specialty before scrutiny and non allowed to take after 8 hours after scrutiny. The radiation exposure from this trial is comparative high for the entire organic structure particularly for generative system on male and female. Therefore this trial is non recommended for pregnant adult females for the safety of foetus. Ten twenty-four hours regulation is applied to adult females to making this test.This scrutiny merely carried out during first 10 yearss of menses. This clip is the best to cut down any possibility of developing foetus to adult females. Resume your nor mal diet and drink plentifulness of H2O to blush the contrast stuff out your system. IVU is non done every bit frequently as it used to be. This is because of the development of new machine such as ultrasound, CT and MRI scanning. This new technique is more effectual compared to IVU. Drumhead

Assignment 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Assignment 2 - Essay Example ve with regard to what computer systems their software runs on and what computer systems it does not through sabotaging the Max OS X operating system. The situation with Apple is more complex and deserves a more concrete explanation. Apple produces an operating system which is supposed to only run on machines which are made by Apple. In recent times, Apple moved to the Intel processors and along with this move, it left the door open for other companies to use the same motherboard and chips to provide Mac clones. One such company is Psystar, which has produced computers running Mac OS X at rates which are much cheaper than comparative Apple computers. The exclusivity of Mac OS X running on Apple made machines is therefore under threat and it is likely that Apple would want to put a stop to this. At the same time, there have been court rulings which hold â€Å"that a software publisher cant require you to run an operating system on a specific type of hardware (Himowitz, 2008, Pg. 1)†. However, there is nothing stopping Apple from releasing an update to its Mac OS X system which stops the computer from running if an ‘unauthorized’ system is detected. Essentially, Apple â€Å"can always sabotage the usurper by issuing updates that wont run on the alien machine, or that disable it (Himowitz, 2008, Pg. 1)†. Here, sabotage may be entirely legal and the only result of the sabotage would be that a lot of the people using Psystar created Apple computers could be left holding the bag. Apple has done the same in the past with its iPhone devices which were hacked to run on wireless carriers other than the ones licensed by Apple. The laws and the ethics concerning this topic need to be defined further since once a buyer has purchased a device or has bought a piece of software it should be permissible for them to use it any way they like. Apple should not be able to sabotage an iPhone which is not being used in the manner Apple would like to see it being used. If Apple

Management of International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management of International Business - Essay Example The role of private capital cannot be neglected as far as the economic development of a country is concerned. Shell is the most influential or biggest oil company in the world. They are one among the bests as far as the commitments to social responsibility are concerned. Apart from one or two incidents, Shell behaved ethically and demonstrated their social commitments in most of the times. They promise less and deliver more. Germany is one among the most influential countries in the world as far as economic growth and size are concerned. After the unification of the Germanys, the unified Germany is more stable politically and economically. Germans are keener in giving more humanitarian look to their economy and hence they will never allow any companies to function in their soil against the will of the public. Shell can operate or expand in German soil if they are able to implement business strategies suitable to the German culture and tradition. This paper analyses corporate social r esponsibility commitments of Shell Company and their future prospects and growth potentials in Germany. Introduction â€Å"Royal Dutch/Shell Group of Companies is one of the largest global groups of energy and petrochemicals companies with around 101,000 employees in more than  90 countries and territories† (About Shell, n. d). ... Germany is one of the prominent countries in the Europe. After the unification of West and East Germanys in 1989, unified Germany has attained a significant role in international arena. The Hitler era is over and the current Germans are keener in working for the growth of their nation rather than expanding their nation to different territories. In other words, Germany is a good place for investments at present because of the better political and economical climates. Organizations which are ready to obey their international obligations can select Germany as a safe place for investments at present. Germans value socially committed organizations very much and they consider the track records of organizations with respect to social responsibility, while purchasing something. Corporate social responsibility of Shell Kotler and Lee (2004) have pointed out that CSR is the â€Å"commitment to improve community well-being through discretionary business practices and contributions of the corpo rate resources† (Kotler &Lee, 2004, p.3). Most of the Shell companies are operating independently in each of the countries, by the people who know the needs of the community and the environment well. They have the authority and autonomy to make all normal business decisions (Nehring, 2002).One of the major success factors of Shell Company is their respect to the community in which they operate. While most of the competitors concentrate only on reaping the profits, Shell is keener in spending a portion of their profit for the wellbeing of the society or community in which it operates. They are giving more emphasize to the environmental protection and hence no major

Enterprise and Entrepreneurial Management Essay - 1

Enterprise and Entrepreneurial Management - Essay Example The Business Plan The business plan is the enterprise on paper. It is an attempt to capture in so many words and graphs what the business would be or look like when it is eventually implemented. It is an attempt to depict on paper the idea brewing in the mind of a would-be entrepreneur that he feels very strongly would transform into a successful venture. The business plan is the idea initially taking textual and graphic form. Literature is abundant with what makes a good business plan. Many authors would establish business plan formats containing the elements that would make a sound plan composition together with the elements’ sequencing. This paper however shall not dwell on the creation and development of these elements but shall focus on the process of planning, providing weight to the issue of the why and the how of the planning process. Business Plan Elements and the Planning Process Kuratko and Hodgetts (2009) offer the following elements in a business plan: executive s ummary, the business opportunity, market potential, market analysis, competition analysis, technical data of product or service, commercial strategy, methodology of operation, vision-mission and financial projections. These elements however are outputs of an enterprise planning process that proceeds with the idea generation, setting up of strategic objectives, analysis and research of market, understanding competition, understanding the financials and formulating the competitive strategies (Kuratko and Hodgetts, 2009). Critical Analysis Seeding the Idea: It s simple logic that there is always a purpose or reason for business, and if one pursues the economic theory... The paper tells that it is simple logic that there is always a purpose or reason for business, and if one pursues the economic theory that business is meant to generate profits for its owners, it follows that the business must be attractive to its intended customers to generate a green bottom line. An enterprise begins with an idea, whether it is a product or service, and that idea must answer a need of the market. This process of idea generation is otherwise known as the creative process or simply, creativity. Of course, it is now known, courtesy of brilliant thinkers such as Harper and Drucker, that creativity is the seed of innovation, where innovation is the finished product or service that benefits the market. It was Drucker who said that â€Å"innovation is the specific instrument of entrepreneurship – the act that endows resources with a new capacity to create wealth.† It would be necessary as an approach to this analysis to first define what an entrepreneur is b efore proceeding to create the attribute silhouette of the successful enterprise owner. As literature has an abundance of such a definition, this paper shall adopt the version of Drucker in his famous book Entrepreneurship and Innovation. An entrepreneur, according to Drucker, is one who always searches for change, responds to it and explores to the maximum its potential as an opportunity. Many authors and researchers have ventured into identifying the attributes that successful entrepreneurs possess.

Consider analyle Essay Example for Free

Consider analyle Essay Romeo and Juliet: how important is the opening scene of the play? How effective should it be on stage? (Deal with lines 1-11), the first mention of Romeo. Consider analyle, comment on characters, action, stage craft, the atmosphere and theme. The opening scene of Romeo and Juliet is effective because its full of humour and violence. These two characteristics are powerful on their own, but together they make the first scene witty and dramatic. The opening scene is important as it sets the whole atmosphere of the families on going feud. The play opens with two Capulet servants (Sampson and Gregory) who are carrying arms, which is significant as theyre aware of violence and danger. They also use language to imitate violence such as, thrust, and strike. As they do this it amuses the groundlings watching, what amuses them is that they talk about violence then, violence towards women. I will thrust the Montagues maids to the wall (Sampson). Which basically means that theyll rape theyre women if they had the chance. These two Capulet servants are playing with puns in the first few lines such as, coals, colliers and coller. Then they go on to describe their feelings about the rival family, the Montagues. They imply these feelings towards the other family by saying that theyll thrust theyre women to the wall. By also challenging the other family whether theyll be man or woman. Gregory points out that the feud is between the men, whilst Sampson replies that he doesnt care and that hell fight the men and then deal with their women, in a crude sexual way. The prologue suggests that the play is full of violence and tragedy. Although, the opening scene begins with a contrasting light hearted humour. This scene should be effective on stage as it is the opposite of the prologue, and should entertain the groundlings with the crude humour and the intention of thrusting violence to the Montagues women. The two Capulet servants provoke Abraham (a Montague) and another servant by biting their thumbs (which then, was considered as an insult). They carry on with their provocative humour when Benvolio (whose name means peacemaker) and Tybalt enter the scene. Sampson then steps aside, leaving Gregory to continue the fight with Abraham. Benvolio quickly breaks them up Part fools. Put up your swords, you know what you up. Tybalt then comes in and questions Benvolio (the peace maker) with his one of few lines as I hate hell, all Montagues, and thee. Have at thee coward. This line sums up that he enjoys violence implying that he hates the word peace. The atmosphere at this time is tense and humorous in some ways. It is humorous as a feud is beginning over nothing apart from a silly childish insult. This would amuse the groundlings, as it combines violence and humour. As you know these two characteristics are powerful on their own, but together they make the play witty and interesting although humorous at times. This is what makes the play effective and successful. The feud is also very dramatic and a very important part of everyday life for both families, even the old come out of their houses and fight for their family even though their health pauses as a problem. The Capulet in question is old Capulet, whose wife makes fun of his ridiculous actions that follow A crutch, a crutch! Why call you for a sword? Lady Capulet implies that he needs a crutch more than a sword these days and refuses to let him take part in the feuding Thou shalt not stir one foot to seek a foe. This is a very important scene as it tells the audience the reality of this feud. Even the old and frail are willing to get up off their chairs and pull out their sword and help win the feud for their family. It strikes me that the only way to stop the feuding is by a warning from the prince of Verona. He orders them all to put down their weapons and tells Capulet and Montague that if anyone ever disturbs the peace again in this way they will be executed. After all but Montague, Lady Montague and Benvolio exit the scene Montague questions Benvolio about how this quarrel started. Then, Lady Montague asks Benvolio has he seen Romeo today O where is Romeo? Saw you him today? Benvolio tells her that yes, he has seen him and that hes acting strangely. We know that he thinks hes deeply in love with Rosaline and that his heart will never heal again. Hes also kept this affair a secret from his parents. Its not until line 154 that Romeo enters the scene, his friend and cousin Benvolio is there to cheer him up from his deepened sadness. Romeo describes how hes feeling to Benvolio as if his whole life is up side down, and that this isnt him Tut I have lost myself; I am not here. This is not Romeo, hes some other where. Benvolio tries without success to discover the name of the girl Romeo has fallen in love with. Romeo explains that she is not in love with him. Shell not be hit with cupids arrow. She hath Dians wit, and in strong proof of chastity well arms, from loves weak childish bow she lives uncharmed. She will not stay the siege of loving terms, nor bride Th encounter of assailing eyes, nor ope her lap to saint seducting gold. O she is rich in beauty, only poor, that when she dies, with beauty dies her store. The characters in this play are perfectly written with their personalities coming out strong throughout the play. Such as Benvolio, his name means peace maker, and thats exactly what hes done in scene one. Romeo in the first scene comes over as a conscientious teenager, but is mature also. By the end of this scene there is an obvious contrast of two things, love and hate.

Case Study: Psychopathic Genes

Case Study: Psychopathic Genes Many people are afraid of the concept of death and what happens after life. But, many arent aware of the people that take life from others. Killers roam our streets but, arent easy to spot. They blend in with our looks and sometimes personalities. It is only possible to tell by their actions, for example when they have committed a gruesome crime. Little is known about psychopaths, many assume they are inspired, pressured or forced into doing what they do. Many of the killers have hard time in their life, as do normal people, but their problems accumulate, which add up to their emotions and do the unthinkable as we refer it to. As in the case of Marybeth Tinning who murder her 4-month daughter with a pillow mentions after the deaths of my other children I just lost it. However, there has been study and theories to show that psychopathic traits can be found in genes. Daniel M. Blonigen and his crew took 626 pairs of 17-year-old male and female twins from the community. And resulted wi th this Psychopathic traits were indexed using scores on the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire. Symptoms of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology were obtained via structured clinical interviews. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate genetic and environmental influences on psychopathic personality traits as well as the degree of genetic overlap between these traits and composites of internalizing and externalizing. The Twin analysis revealed significant genetic influence on distinct psychopathic traits (Fearless Dominance and Impulsive Antisociality). Moreover, Fearless Dominance was associated with reduced genetic risk for internalizing psychopathology, and Impulsive Antisociality was associated with increased genetic risk for externalizing psychopathology. So, studies have been done to show that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in a variety of behaviors in humans. What is a psychopath? Many people dont know much about psychopaths or what it is. They know them by the way the media portraits them to be. O. Lilienfeld says that there are three big myths that are untrue; one is that all psychopaths are violent. Researched by psychologists such as Randall T. Salekin, indicates that psychopathy is a risk factor for future physical and sexual violence. Second, all psychopaths are psychotic. In contrast to people with psychotic disorders à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦psychopaths are almost always rational. They are well aware that their ill-advised or illegal actions are wrong in the eyes of society but shrug off these concerns with startling nonchalance. Third psychopathy is untreatable. Although psychopaths are often unmotivated to seek treatment, research by psychologist Jennifer Skeem of the University of California, Irvine, and her colleagues suggests that psychopaths may benefit à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦from psychological treatment. The real term for psychopath is Antis ocial Personality Disorder, psychopathy and sociopathy are generally considered subsets of ASPD, it was given by American Psychiatric Association, its the term used for a personality disorder characterized by an abnormal lack of empathy combined with strongly amoral conduct but masked by an ability to appear outwardly normal. The main characteristics of a psychopath are the lack of sympathy / remorse for others, even including love ones. Other characteristic features: superficial charm, self-centered self-important, need for stimulation prone to boredom, deceptive behavior lying, conning manipulative, little guilt, cruelty to animals, callous with a lack of empathy, living off others or predatory attitude,   poor self-control, promiscuous sexual behavior, early behavioral problems, disregard for safety, impulsive lifestyle, irresponsible behavior, blaming others for their actions, short term relationships, juvenile delinquency, breaking parole or probation, and variety of    criminal activity. There are two types of psychopath that are easily distinguished. The two types of psychopath are Fearless Dominance and Impulsive Antisociality. Beth Terrel quoted Professor Dr. Stephen Benning from Vanderbilt University. The two seem to be different in their own ways but are still psychopaths. The fearless dominance is often a paradoxical mix of charm and nastiness, cool and calm under pressure, the FD type is not easily rattled. They lack the same kind of anticipatory anxiety that most people have so, instead of thinking they do it. Fearless Dominance is associated with a number of things our society considers desirable or good: high verbal I.Q., high performance, and economic success. The FD type is often charming and socially influential. He or she relishes directing other peoples activities and basking in their admiration. The FD type is sexually adventurous and often takes risks. Its not that they cant feel fear or anxiety; its just that it takes a much more extreme situation to elicit those emotions. FD types live for the thrill, the excite ment, the adrenaline rush. The Impulsive Antisociality type is an aggressive, unorganized, and a suspicious person. An IA types doesnt generally make plans, and they dont think societys rules are worth following. They often abuse drugs, and like the FD type they often are extremely sexually active. Its not the thrill that motivates the IA type, its the relief of boredom, alienation and because of the need to do something. They are extremely reactive and have a lot of raw, aggressive energy. Usually, they have a long history of antisocial behavior, such as brawling and vandalism. These are the two types of psychopaths. Fox reported that there are three genes that may play a strong role in determining why some young men raised in rough neighborhoods or deprived families become violent criminals. One gene called MAOA that played an especially strong role has been shown in other studies to affect antisocial behavior, said sociology professor Guang Guo, who led the study. I dont want to say it is a crime gene, but 1 percent of people have it and scored very high in violence and delinquency, Guo said in a telephone interview. The other two genes are called the dopamine transporter 1 (DAT1) gene and the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene, which are also associated with bad behavior, but only when the boys suffered some other stress, such as family issues, low popularity and failing school. Guo said These results,..link molecular genetic variants to delinquency, significantly expand our understanding of delinquent and violent behavior, and they highlight the need to simultaneously consider their social and genetic origins. Three examples of genes that have a role in psychopaths. An article Child Psychopaths, the author back fires by saying that its the parents fault, they are the ones that created a psychopath. Psychologist Lonnie Athens takes the approach that antisocial behavior results from a series of evolutionary stages. He came up with the idea that people become violent through a process that he calls violentization, which involves four stages: brutalization and subjugation, belligerency, violent coaching, and criminal activity. First, this person is a victim of violence and feels powerless to avoid it. Then he is taught how and when to become violent and to profit from it. Then he acts on that. If a person from a violent environment does not become violent, it is because some part of the process is missing. He connects a serial killers, Gary, actions were formed from violence and lack of empathy by the instability and brutalization of his family life. But, there is evidence to say that environmental influence isnt the key to a full developed psychopa th and there is still genetics that contribute to there actions. Young children can be spotted for some psychopathic symptoms. Some mental health professionals say they can recognize early markers in kids as young as toddlers for what may later develop into psychopathy. Experts also emphasize that not all children who appear to be at risk for psychopathy go on to become psychopathic adults Studies show that a significant portion of children who show psychopathic traits often referred to among researchers as callous-unemotional traits, which include not being concerned about others feelings and not feeling bad or guilty as early as the preschool years have the same traits when they are teens. And adolescence is a time when they are more likely than other kids to exhibit extreme behavior problems, aggression and delinquency. These teens with significant CU traits are then more likely to become psychopathic adults. Other studies resulted with some brain malfunctions when doing something they shouldnt be doing so, they wont feel remorse or have fear like a normal person would. Scientists interviewed hundreds of prison inmates, to learn about what makes them tic, and which parts of the brain lead them to live an emotionally disconnected and often violent life. They resulted with faulty wiring in the limbic system (the brains emotional center) and the amygdala (which generates fear) make psychopaths able to do horrendous things and feel nothing, and never fear danger or consequences. They also believe that genes contribute 50 percent of the puzzle and life experience the other 50 percent (Heatherturgeon). Meaning environmental factors still play a role. In another study done by Dombeck stated available data regarding the causes of psychopathic personality suggests that both nature and nurture are at work there as well. He interviewed prison inmates and did a Psychopathy Checklist, asked about thier history of their abuse experience, and a few other questionnaires. He resulted with this: Our findings indicate that a history of  child abuse  or neglect relates positively but weakly to global psychopathic features. Abuse is unrelated to the core affective and interpersonal traits of psychopathy but relates preferentially and moderately to the impulsive and irresponsible lifestyle or externalizing features of psychopathy. Dissociative experiences do not significantly mediate this relationship. Our findings call into question etiological models positing that early abuse and neglect shut off affective responding, thereby resulting in individuals who possess the cold and callous features of primary psychopathy. So, abuse was not found to predict psychopathy as a whole, but an abuse history did predict a certain feature of psychopathy; namely the tendency to be impulsive. So, what can be the cure for such genes or the process to prevent such horrific crimes from psychopath? Its also possible for some kids with CU traits, particularly the youngest ones who have the greatest capacity to change, to simply grow out of them. CU traits are most reliably assessed starting at age 4, but even 2 year old can exhibit signs that they are lacking early empathy, says Paul Frick, chair of the department of psychology at the University of New Orleans who studies youth behavior problems (Stenson). The Fitness First Club: Marketing communications The Fitness First Club: Marketing communications With the background information I have been given in this assignment, I have created a key objective for the Fitness First club. I will gather a report that reviews and analyses the marketing communications activities of Fitness First, and outlines recommendations for future communications activities. My aim at first place is to increase the number of members aged 10 35 by Jun 2013, I will also propose to use more personal selling to develop new accounts, this will increase the amount of trials and encourage other members to join a fitness club and be made aware of other promotions. Fitness First is one of the largest health club group in the world. It has 540 branches worldwide and having more than 1.7 million members in 21 states. Fitness First clubs campaign to encourage more people to find out what fitness regime works for them by using former spice girl as the face of the week fitness international. In the UK, it holds 160 fitness clubs with over 405,000 members (Source: Wikipedia). Here is the background information on factors that have impact on Fitness First Political In the UK and worldwide government policy has potential influence on the market, specific initiatives could benefit the industry, but theres also a broader push on the part of the government to try and promote healthy eating and exercise, possibly resulting in more people seeking gym membership. Early this year the government encouraged people to get fit ahead of the Olympic to come. Economic The economic factors such as utilities prices and wage rates will affect numerous aspects of Fitness First, the fitness costs will rise and members may need to prioritise their spending as cuts are made on their disposable income, especially in the prospect group. Not a lot of people are willing to spend much in the fitness club when they could on their own practice physical exercise at home, however price will be reviewed in order to well compete in the market and encourage subscribers to join Fitness First. Social Lifestyle factors such as growth in convenience foods and home entertainment have resulted in more muddy lifestyles; consumption levels of alcohol are rising which will effect gym participation and subscription. In todays celebrity cultures, theres lots of pressure to be looking good in the social life and have better appearance; It has influenced the way people are improving themselves to build six pact bodies to attract more females from the mens view and such are also the desire of some women encourage their men not to be obese. Technological Its important that Fitness First has up to date machines to compete with others and satisfy the needs of the members. Fitness First also uses technology to target the public in an effective way, text messages with special offers and online free trial vouchers and also create a page on the socials network (Source: Fitness First). Legal: Fitness First should examine legal requirements pursuant to the code of practice and should not use high pressure tactics to make sign a membership agreement or take unfair advantage of the lack of your understanding if you do not comprehend certain documents. Fitness First must display a sign that says about the health risks that may affect participation in fitness services. The Signs shall be clearly visible for anyone entering the fitness center. Environment: Fitness First should build in an ideal environment for the well-being of the planet and its members by seeking to reduce the environmental footprint of the equipment and invest the most on self-power cardiovascular machineries. Where the proper motion of the user produce all the energy needed to operate the machines, it will attract new customers by providing clean machines that are free of toxic substances, which is environmentally friendly material ( Source: athletics business). Task2. Marketing communications mix Like many fitness clubs devote themselves to schedule a marketing plan, research shows that promotion for health club is managed by using telephone (telemarketing) Radio (radio advertising) Biz (business membership programs) Mail (direct mail and email marketing), TV (cable advertising) News (newspaper advertising), etc (Source: fitness360). Looking at the previous campaign made by Fitness First when taping in the power of digital marketing, including display advertising and affiliate marketing. Their goal were to ensure that the skills of a professional fitness and qualifications remain relevant by increasing the number of downloads, due to the evolution of mobile advertising, Fitness First took rapid action to introduce click-to-call extensions with the current locations of users, which was essential for success and having the most competitive position in terms of mobile advertising. O2 been the selected mobile telephonic provider in the UK worked alongside with Fitness Firsts by l aunching a mobile marketing campaign for Fitness first club. The campaign was to offer five days free subscription and personal training session via SMS to O2 customers who live in specific postal codes near Fitness First clubs (Source: Mobile Marketing). The use of the site for the target consumer maximizes both efficiency and relevance of the offer. By creating this campaign in favor for Fitness First, O2 launched brand communication opt-in on O2s customers who are interested in health, wellness and sports, aged between 18 and 35 years. O2 provided a daily email with qualified leads in number of mobile customers and postal codes to call the client and make an appointment. The use of this highly targeted medium of communication helps to ensure maximum effectiveness of campaigns, which proves to be moving one of our tools to acquire the most successful to date. Fitness First has also launched an affiliate displaying ads on Facebook and campaigned display advertising targeted Adjug w ith the use of PPC (Pay Per Click) which is the most common form of internet marketing currently in use worldwide. The purpose of using PPC was to send instant traffic to any website niches most commonly used to send targeted traffic to a page using only keywords related to the product page of the advertiser or trying to sell. It is also very useful for testing long-term strategies of SEO and ensure that your targeted keywords will convert. PPC is a fast and effective way of generating revenue to almost any website. However, if done incorrectly, it devalue your site very quickly and you will lose money, some of the biggest PPCs networks are Google Adwords, Google Maps, Google advertising investments Yahoo, Microsoft AdCenter and Facebook. As a result of these actions, downloads increased significantly (Source: Latitude) The tools used by Fitness First have been tested and proven that promotion is custom designed in particular relation with demographics region, time of the season, current members and other information gathered from the clubs profile before starting of the promotion. When analyzing the marketing campaign of Fitness First thought it lead them at the extend they were expecting to be. Nevertheless, I still find some improvement needed to be done to acquire more subscriber in their fitness club, because not many people are on the O2s network also taking an account of internet marketing, was of good use in the point that technology is mostly used in this 21st century we living on but it could have been far more better to also make the use of other medium channels such as TV, Radio etc. Why so? Because everyone in the UK, living in their own house uses at least one of these tools to be informed of what is happening in the other side of the world. Task3. Marketing communication plan Knowing that digital marketing, including display advertising and affiliate marketing worked well for Fitness First, I will in this section shield the strategic day to day aspects of setting up my plan into action to enhance more the advertising portfolio of Fitness First, without pulling apart what have been done by Fitness First, where the use of my judgment and discretion on deciding how to schedule and plan activities, calculating costs and measuring progress will be outlined. Here is how I am going to illustrate my idea of marketing campaign. Every fitness and health club plans is designed base on the personal exercise and nutrition history Ill suggest to employ a pull up strategy, with most prospects aged between 10- 35 mostly targeting primary school to Higher education to offer them services that encourage students. I will also suggest targeting the affordable sector of the market with a competitive pricing. The marketing communications mix will be divided around objectives, message, and media. The objectives will aim to provide Fitness First consumers, access to sport and exercise opportunities to the top range facilities by adopting a healthy lifestyle. Fitness First will have to work with its local partners in education and people to share information, knowledge, skills and expertise, for example with schools, Higher Education an arrangement of work placements for students will be assigned and will share good practice at national competitive sporting events. My message should sound making bold statements to draw the attention of people, in belief of my commercial messages by organizing a public speaking and fitness group to bring people together to motivate each other by allowing people to be aware of what we are attend to do and reminding them of our existence. To achieve this, Ill suggest the use of current staff and get them trained and have sufficient knowledge to encouraging people to subscribe, by telling their own experiences regarding the good effect since they j oined the fitness club and how physically fit must you be. In so doing, people will understand my overall message, where the key point is to promote physical exercise, sustain encouragement and then for sure people might now develop the need to join Fitness First club.( source: sales-and-marketing-for-you). Media: when hoping to bring a new product or in my case to promote a new service, that will be ruining at Fitness First, you need to carefully consider possible ways to promote your product. However, using different mediums such as Radio, Bus, TV and social network (source: ehow), in order to increase brand awareness. The adverts will show the benefits of healthy lifestyles, giving people the idea about getting in shape. However: Population trends by socio economic group are an important influence on ability and prosperity to spend on fitness club membership. Consumers from the socio economic groups are the most likely to use health and fitness clubs regularly, most are light TV viewers so this medium is not an effective target, Radio is likely to be more effective. (Source: sales-and-marketing-for-you).The use of social media has exploded in recent years as a way to raise awareness and generate free traffic it includes sites and services such as Twitter, Facebook, MySpace, YouTube, and many others. The main advantages are that it is free to communicate and has a capability of going viral and reach a vast numbers of people without additional effort ( source: clickbank) The cost of the marketing will certainly play a big part in what I am intend to do. Bad sales and marketing is as a general announcement focused on no one in particular. In order to maximize a huge return profit, it is always good to approach the marketing plan with consideration and not devote a lot of money on a single marketing channel or campaign. I will instead try to shape up a range of successful publicity approaches over a time, I will also outline its cost, and how much money will I have to spend on advertising campaign? How long and how much each communication method will be balanced against the marketing communication budget. I will at first place, be concerned about the break-even point before developing any sales and marketing program, including advertising cost. I will also find out how much is each new customer and exiting customer worth to the fitness club? When observing the lifetime value of the health and fitness club subscriber, I will use approximation such as fi guring out, how long each customer stays with Fitness First, where the contract will be given for 1-3 years for the new subscribers. Once I know the number and frequency of sales I derived from the average customer, I can then use profit margin to estimate how much each customer worths to the fitness club and how many customers is needed to obtain the specific marketing campaign, in order to consider it as a success: However, to run the campaign of Fitness First, I found that the cost for ITV 1 Yorkshire channel per month is of  £48336, people will be target on the daytime services of 11am to be aware of the services, the local radio station is of  £160 per month with 8 short spot adverts of 15 seconds per day, cinema advertising will be of  £900 per month along with billboard advertising  £1920 the month and the cost of transport advertising is of  £6360 per month ( Source: Blackboard). My message needs to reach customers, therefore the out home advertising buses will be these that are seen on high street shops and go to different places of the city, where middle and junior management of the social class are living. Based on my research, I will therefore recommend 9 months of advertising on radio, buses and billboard along with 4 months advertising on ITV1 Yorkshire and cinema the total average budget for the advertising will be estimated at the price of  £232,188.00 for a whole 9 mo nths period advertisement of all these chosen mediums where the first 5 month will be to remind the people on the existence of Fitness First along to inform them what Fitness First is planning of doing and after the 5 months period have gone Fitness First will now differentiate itself from other competitors by adopting a unique approach and machineries that are of people expertise, when visiting the fitness first club and then persuade them by meeting the needs of people with the choice of services and materials that are environmentally friendly. Report Executive Account Statement To: Brand Spanking Agency 29/10/2012 I Daniel Kevin AMATCHA, I am please to submit my report describing on how I intend to promote the fitness and health club. The purpose of this report was to gather sufficient information to render professional opinion about advertising your health and fitness club. This assessment includes research and figures concerning the cost of the whole month budget when using the mass media to promote the fitness club: however. I have also included the PESTEL analysis, which is an effective way to analyse external impacts on the health and fitness club, and planned the strategic action that will be of good use for the marketing communications mix as I separated into discussions around objectives, message, and media. I have also introduced a marketing communication plan on how to work side with the marketing mix, which I have designed along with its schedule and plan activities including the cost of the advertising. You may also find on my plan the monthly statement budget and the chosen mediums to promote Fitness First club for 9 months period. Bibliography: Source: Wikipedia//>> article//>> Fitness First//>> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitness_First viewed on the 17/10/12 Source: Fitness First//>>  © Fitness First 2012//>> http://www.fitnessfirst.co.uk/ viewed on the 17/10/12 Source: athletics business//>> home//>> articles//>> hot topics//>> environmental issues//>> Fitness Facilities Go Green//>> written by Amy Scanlin, on October 2007//>>http://www.athleticbusiness.com/articles/article.aspx?articleid=3278zoneid=1 viewed on the 17/10/12 Source: fitness360//>>campaign types//>> services/>> sales and promotions//>> © 2012 fitness marketing systems //>> http://www.fitness360online.com/fitness-marketing-services/on-site-membership-promotions viewed on the 24/10/12 Source: Latitude//>> where I am//>> home//>> whom we work with//>> Fitness First//>> http://www.latitudegroup.com/what-weve-done/who-weve-worked-with/fitness-first-2/ viewed on the 17/10/12 Source: Mobile Marketing//>>News//>> Analyses//>> O2//>> Fitness First campaign//>> written by David Murphy released 4 years ago //http://www.mobilemarketingmagazine.co.uk/content/o2-launches-fitness-first-campaign viewed on the 17/10/12 Source: 2.warwick//>>fitnessfirst//>>pdf//>>context analysis and promotional//>>http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/alumni/services/eportfolios/bsqjfb/fitnessfirst.pdf viewed on the 17/10/12 Source: sales-and-marketing-for-you//>>marketing communication plan//>>Copyright  © 2012//>>http://www.sales-and-marketing-for-you.com/marketing-communication-plan.html viewed on the 17/10/12 Source: ehow//>>ways-promote-new-product//>>http://img.ehowcdn.com/author-avatar/studio-image/ver1.0/Content/images/store/0/5/10f337f6-807a-4881-a57c-27efbd75408f.Small.jpg by Larry Amon//>>http://www.ehow.com/way_5162681_ways-promote-new-product.html viewed on the 17/10/12 Larry Amon Larry Amon has been working in the computer field for more than 10 years and has experience writing scripts, instructional articles and political commentary. He has been published online, as well as in NRB Magazine and Delmarva Youth Family. He started a nonprofit media organization in 2000. Source clickbank//>>common ways to promote products//>>http://www.clickbank.com/help/affiliate-help/affiliate-guides/common-ways-to-promote-products/ Source: Blackboard//>>x-stream.leedsmet.ac.uk//>>http://x-stream.leedsmet.ac.uk/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp?tab_tab_group_id=_2_1url=%2Fwebapps%2Fblackboard%2Fexecute%2Flauncher%3Ftype%3DCourse%26id%3D_33250_1%26url%3D Viewed on the22/10/12 Source: myadbase//>> guide//>>advertising radio station//>>http://myadbase.com/guide_final.php?page=advertising_radio_station viewed on the 20/10/12 Source: ukbusiness//>> UK Business forums//>> Business forums//>> General business forum//>>http://www.ukbusinessforums.co.uk/forums/showthread.php?t=49219 viewed on the 26/10/12 Source: outdooradvertisingltd//>>Bus stop advertising//>> http://www.outdooradvertisingltd.co.uk/pages/bus-stop-advertising.php viewed on the 26/10/12 Source: sunriseradio//>> advertising//>> http://www.sunriseradio.fm/innerpage.php?rank=2 viewed on the 24/10/12